The former player: 'I really wanted to continue my rugby career'
Warning: This article includes details of racially offensive language and conduct
FormerEngland player Luther Burrell says that going public to reveal racial discrimination in rugby union brought his professional journey to an premature end.
In a June 2022, Burrell described racism as being "widespread" in the game, showing Whatsapp messages and remembering training ground "comments" he had been exposed to while representing Newcastle.
At that time 34 and out of contract, Burrell's only elite playing since has been a handful of games with invitational side the Barbarians.
"I've have definitely had to end my career because of what went on," he explained to reporters.
"I really wanted to continue competing, of course I did. I sought that, and it fell through when news emerged that there were investigations going on.
"This situation was difficult - I had to just come to terms with the outcome and understand that this entire process is a lot more important than me."
A rugby governing body investigation in April 2023 found Burrell's allegations were true "likely correct", but stated it could not gather enough proof to definitively say they occurred at Newcastle.
Luther Burrell played in all of England's Six Nations games in 2014-15, but was controversially overlooked for their team for the 2015 tournament
Burrell revealed to media he also encountered prejudice within the England team environment, during a Test career that saw him earn 15 caps after his debut in 2014.
"I have had multiple distressing experiences within England camp," he said.
"Some discrimination and some just old-school mentality that's really inappropriate."
Racism had become normalised in team environments, in Burrell's view.
"This is something that has been disguised as banter and that's been the problem that I've myself experienced and witnessed," said Burrell, who is of Jamaican heritage.
"During a period of time you just learn to think that it's the norm and that is acceptable and that it's not malicious, but that's incorrect."
Burrell says he was eventually spurred to go public after a team-mate at Newcastle referred to him as a "slave" and instructed him to put sunscreen on his wrists and ankles "where your shackles were."
The rugby authority said Burrell's disclosures had led to "a deeper look at the culture within the professional level and to the implementation of an strategy for the professional game."
"The organization has placed considerable focus on diversity and inclusion in rugby union and a great deal of work completed both before and after Luther Burrell came forward and shared his experiences of racism and class discrimination," it added.
"The organization are ongoing work with clubs and partners in the elite level to strive for a environment of inclusivity but acknowledge this requires patience and is an continuous effort."
Every Prem and women's rugby club now has in-person training on creating inclusive cultures, with its success tracked via individual reports and surveys.
All England players, including youth squads, are educated in being "active bystanders" to step in and defend others from damaging conduct.
"You be so pleased of what you have done," Burrell's mother Joyce told him as part of the film about his experiences.
"I know it has had this impact on you and ended your career, but in our view, you have done so much. We are so proud of you and to have you as a family member."
Burrell's father Geoff passed away shortly after the production of the documentary, and his sister died recently.
Burrell, who grew up on a social housing in Huddersfield, maintains his work to make the sport more open.
His charitable organization works to reach children in disadvantaged communities and support them thrive both on the field with free sports coaching, mentoring and nutrition education.
"My personal motivations are genuine, I want to see the evolution of the sport and if others is prepared to share their story then I'll persist to advocate for that fight because I'm not just doing this for my own benefit," he explained.
"We have an responsibility to make the sport as excellent as it can be and the longer I speak about it hopefully the more comfortable others will become about sharing their personal experiences as well.
"I grab the challenge by the opportunity and continue bearing this banner and keep carrying this weight and accomplish what I can to develop possibilities and make the game more attractive and more inclusive.
"There are a lot of underprivileged young people and a lot of economic hardship and I sincerely think that the sport has the ability to change their lives, just as it did for me."
Burrell scored for the Barbarians on a return to previous team Northampton in November 2022